International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between post-diagnosis physical activity and mortality in patients with selected noncommunicable diseases, including breast cancer, lung cancer, type 2 diabetes (T2D), ischemic heart disease (IHD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), stroke, osteoarthritis, low back pain and major depressive disorders. DesignSystematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Data sourcesPubMed, Scopus and the Web of Science were searched systematically for Eng...

BackgroundStudies examining the associations of intensity-specific leisure time physical activity duration with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality are scarce and no quantitative or dose-response meta-analysis has been published. ObjectiveWe examined the associations of moderate, vigorous, and moderate to vigorous leisure time physical activity duration with all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality, using aggregate and individual participant data. MethodsWe performed a sy...

BackgroundVigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity (VILPA) completed through normal daily living may offer a time-efficient avenue to accrue physical activity in a behaviorally sustainable manner. However, no research to date has explored its association with mortality in a nationally representative population. This study aimed to examine the dose-response association between VILPA and mortality risk in a nationally representative sample of US adults. MethodsThis study included a natio...

ImportancePhysical activity guidelines are predominantly based on questionnaire-based studies measuring only longer planned physical activity bouts (>10-15 continuous minutes). To date, short intermittent bouts of physical activity that may be beneficial for health ("micropatterns"), have counted very little towards physical activity guidelines (currently 150-300 minutes of moderate or 75-150 minutes of vigorous intensity activity per week). ObjectiveWe examined all-cause and cardiovascular dis...

BackgroundSpending more time active (and less time sedentary) is associated with many health benefits such as improved cardiovascular health and lower risk of all-cause mortality. However, it is unclear whether these associations differ depending on whether time spent sedentary or in moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is accumulated in long or short bouts. In this study we used a novel analytical approach, that accounts for substitution (i.e. more time in MVPA means spending less time sl...

ObjectiveQuantify inequalities in self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in England and the United States (US). DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study. Participants4019 adolescents aged 11-15 years in England (Health Survey for England 2008, 2012, 2015) and 4312 aged 12-17 years in the US (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-16). Main outcome measuresThree aspects of MVPA: (1) doing any, (2) average min/day (MVPA: including those who did none), and...

BackgroundPhysical activity (PA) plays a role in the prevention of a range of diseases including obesity and cardiometabolic disorders. Large population-based descriptive studies of PA, incorporating precise measurement, are needed to understand the relative burden of insufficient PA levels and to inform the tailoring of interventions. Combined heart and movement sensing enables the study of physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) and intensity distribution. We aimed to describe the sociodem...

Key Features* The Physical Activity Cohort Repository (PACe) project created a searchable online database of cohort studies that have prospectively collected data on physical activity and/or sedentary behaviour (self-report and/or device-based measurement) at three or more timepoints. Only cohorts with [≥] 1,000 participants at baseline were included. * The PACe is a freely available resource created to encourage researchers to return to existing cohorts to apply contemporary causal inference...

IntroductionAccelerometer-derived outcomes describing physical activity (PA) volume and intensity distribution relative to a persons maximal capacity have provided insight into associations with health in adults. Little is known, however, about how the relative intensity of childrens PA volume and intensity distribution relates to health or fitness. To address this, we examined associations between childrens absolute and relative PA volume and intensity distribution with cardiorespiratory fitnes...

The health benefits of regular physical activity in adolescence are well-documented. Many health-related behaviours and lifestyle choices are established in adolescence. The neighbourhood environment is a key setting for physical activity in adolescence and feeling unsafe in their neighbourhood may be a potential barrier to physical activity. This study aimed to examine associations between neighbourhood safety and physical activity using objective and subjective measures for both. Participants ...

IMPORTANCEMovement behaviours (e.g. sedentary behaviour (SB), moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light intensity physical activity (LIPA) and sleep) are linked to cognition, yet the relative importance of each component is unclear, and not yet explored with compositional methodologies. OBJECTIVETo examine how time spent in one behaviour (e.g. SB, MVPA, LIPA, sleep) relative to all others is associated with overall cognition, including executive function and memory. DESIGN, SETTING...

BackgroundSleep, physical activity, and nutrition (SPAN) are key determinants of both life expectancy (lifespan) and disease-free life expectancy (healthspan) yet are often studied and promoted in isolation. This study examined the joint association of these three behaviours with lifespan and healthspan. MethodsProspective cohort analysis of 59,078 participants from the UK Biobank accelerometry sub-study (median age: 64.0 years; 45.4% male) who wore accelerometers for 7 days and self-reported d...

BackgroundSleep, physical activity, and nutrition (SPAN) are crucial modifiable factors for health, yet most research has examined them independently rather than exploring their combined and incremental impact on disease risk and mortality. ObjectiveTo determine the collective associations of SPAN exposures and establish clinically relevant targets for reducing all-cause mortality risk. MethodsThis study included 59,078 UK Biobank participants with valid wearable tracker and nutrition data (Me...

Aims/hypothesisTo examine the dose-response associations between device-measured physical activity types and posture (sitting and standing time) with cardiometabolic health. MethodsAn individual participant harmonised meta-analysis of 12,095 adults (mean age{+/-}SD= 54.5{+/-}9.6 years; Female=54.8%) from 6 cohorts with thigh-worn accelerometry. Associations of average daily duration of walking, stair climbing, running, standing and sitting with composite cardiometabolic health score (based on s...

BackgroundIt is unclear whether the association between meeting the physical activity (PA) guidelines and mortality varied in the last two decades among the US adult population. MethodsWe included seventeen annual representative samples of US adults in the National Health Interview Survey (1998-2014; n=482,756 individual participant data) and all-cause and cause-specific mortality ascertained through December 2019. Participants were grouped according to the 2018 US PA Guidelines: 150 or more mi...

BackgroundIt is unclear whether intervention effects on school-aged childrens physical activity differ across specific periods of the week or day. This study aimed to assess the time-specific intervention effects on accelerometer-measured physical activity in primary school children. MethodsThis was a nested study in a cluster-randomized controlled trial conducted from September 2018 to June 2019 in China. The intervention group included 4 schools (119 children) and the control group included 4...

BackgroundResearch on the health effects of stepping intensity in free-living environments is limited and inconclusive. Inconsistent use of stepping intensity estimation metrics could explain current equivocal results. We aimed to examine and compare a range of different cadence-based metrics in terms of their multivariable-adjusted associations with all-cause (ACM) cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer and physical-activity (PA)-related cancer mortality. MethodsThis prospective cohort study inc...

ObjectivesWe investigated changes in adherence to physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST) recommendations of children and adolescents throughout the pandemic, and their association with health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Methods1769 primary (PS, grades 1-6) and secondary (SS, 7-9) school children from Ciao Corona, a school-based cohort study in Zurich, Switzerland, with 5 questionnaires 2020-2022. HRQOL was assessed using the KINDL questionnaire. PA ([≥] 60 min/day moderate-to-vigor...

PurposeProviding specialised training to community-based physical activity instructors (such as circus coaches) has been identified as a potential strategy to increase participation for preschool-aged children born preterm. The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of a novel co-designed training program "CirqAll: professional development for circus coaches" (CirqAll:PD), which aimed to increase coaches knowledge, skills, and confidence in working with children born preterm. ...

ObjectivesOpportunities for older adults to do physical activity may depend on other commitments. To see if reported physical activity was higher or lower among older adults depending on work status: full time, part-time or retired. MethodsThe Active Lives Survey 2016/17 in England was used to see how active people were depending on employment or retirement status. Types of physical activity (PA) considered were: leisure, gardening, active travel and combined total, adjusted for age, sex, BMI, ...